What we know, where it comes from, and what is missing

• cdep.ro — the Chamber's votes, bills, deputies' profiles and structure.
• senat.ro — the Senate's votes, bills and their files, senators' cards.
• legislatie.just.ro — the acts of the Official Gazette: the Gazette number of laws (when Parliament's own page does not have it), the President's decrees since 1990, the Constitutional Court's decisions on the result of the presidential elections, the Central Electoral Bureau's minutes of 2024 and the AEP's control reports on party financing.
• data.gov.ro — the Permanent Electoral Authority's open data on the 2012, 2016 and 2020 parliamentary and the 2009 and 2014 presidential elections, the referendums of 2009, 2012, 2018 and 2019, the European elections of 2009, 2014 and 2019 and the local elections of 2012, 2016 and 2020 (tables by polling station or by locality; the 2012 files were downloaded by a person in a browser; the 2024 and 2025 ones come from the files on prezenta.roaep.ro, also downloaded by a person), and the Ministry of Finance's state budget for 2014–2025 (one dataset a year). Each dataset's licence (OGL-ROU-1.0 or CC BY 4.0) is the one written on its page, and the source is named. The portal asks for 10 seconds between requests and bans its API in robots.txt: we read only the ordinary pages, one every 10 seconds.
• Eurostat and the European Commission — the Romanian state's national accounts (revenue, expenditure, the deficit, the debt and general government's money to and from the EU), through Eurostat's open interface for programs (four small answers, 3 seconds apart), and the Commission's table of the EU budget's spending and revenue by Member State (one Excel file). Free reuse with the source named.
• rezultatevot.ro — Rezultate Vot (Code for Romania), which shows the AEP's public results by locality; the second round of the 2019 presidential election by commune comes from it. Their code is MPL 2.0; no licence is stated for the data (they are the AEP's public results).
• geo-spatial.org — the borders of the communes (ANCPI public data, processed by geo-spatial.org, licence CC BY 4.0), simplified for the election map; the SIRUTA codes of the communes are from the National Institute of Statistics' register (July 2024) as Code for Romania keeps it.

Each page keeps its source and the date it was read. What we calculate ourselves, rather than the source, is labelled as such.

For the legislature in office we compare each sitting day's official list with what we hold (the comparison starts on 21 December 2024); the 2020 to 2024 legislature is held but not yet compared with the official lists, and those before it keep their members' histories but have almost no votes. All are labelled Partial until a full import and comparison.

Legislatures with no vote held at all: 2016-2020, 2008-2012, 2004-2008, 2000-2004, 1996-2000, 1992-1996, 1990-1992.

Against the official lists since 21 Dec 2024 (checked on 1 Nov 2026): Chamber of Deputies 1,214 of 1,218 (99.7%); Senate 1,301 of 1,301 (100%); Joint sitting 145 of 146 (99.3%). Ballots the Chamber marks "vot test" (voting-system tests) are counted nowhere: 16 on the official lists, 0 held.

The number of seats is each chamber's legal number. Open mandates (current legislature only) are the people sitting now; mandates held include replacements during the legislature.

We hold 6,625 bills, of which 5,393 have their file read from the official pages (168,324 steps: filing, committees, opinions, plenary, promulgation). Of 1,959 promulgated laws, 1,958 have their Official Gazette number. Initiators linked to a member: 84,621 of 86,291.

From each committee report we read only what can be read without guessing: whether it has an annex of admitted or rejected amendments and on which page (the link leads to that page of the official file), and the authors the annex names. We do not say which amendment is whose, we do not count amendments (the annex layout differs from one committee to the next) and we do not read names from scanned copies: a name misread by OCR is worse than no name. The Chamber's reports are digital files with clean text; the Senate's are scanned copies with an imperfect text layer.

Updating starts on request or once a day (not in real time); the dates below are the most recent vote we hold and the last official page read for it.

• Chamber of Deputies: last vote 28 Oct 2026; page read 29 Oct 2026
• Senate: last vote 28 Oct 2026; page read 29 Oct 2026
• Joint sitting: last vote 20 Oct 2026; page read 21 Oct 2026
• Bill files: read on 1 Nov 2026
• Last automatic check of the sources: 1 Nov 2026

The update's runs, the reason a run failed and when each source was last read are on the Update status page.

• Reports and opinions: every document printed in a bill's file (reports, opinions of committees and of other bodies, the Government's view), with the link to the official file; the conclusion is the one printed in the file.
• The ordinance behind an approval bill: the ordinance's number is read from the bill's title; its date, title and Official Gazette come from the legislative portal, only when type, number and year agree. An ordinance the portal does not have stays a reference, with no date or text.
• Legislative priority: the label the Senate prints in each session's Legislative Bulletin; it does not say who asked for it.
• Date of birth, CV, delegations, friendship groups: the date of birth is the one printed in the header of the profile on the Chamber's site; if one person's profiles disagree, we show no date. From a CV we keep only the link and the date it was last updated (it holds contact and family details we never store). Delegations and friendship groups are those listed on the profile.
• Questions and interpellations: of deputies, from the Chamber's official pages; the deputy is the one linked to their profile page, the addressee is linked to a ministry only when the name is exactly that ministry's. No answer on the official page does not mean none exists.
• The President's decrees: the legislative portal's catalog, from 1990 on; each decree's type is read from its title by plain rules, and who signed it from the signature at its end. The text of the decrees is not copied.
• The Presidents and the appointments: A President is a signer, from the first to the last decree in our catalog (not from the start of the term); "elected in" is the winner of the second round in our presidential results. Whom they appointed is read from the decree's sentence ("is appointed to the office of ..."), only for public offices. The route of each office (who proposes, who decides) is written from the text of the Constitution and of the laws indicated on the office's page; the directors of the SRI and the SIE are not appointed by decree and have no office-holders on the site yet.
• Governing programmes: each government's programme is annex 2 of the decision by which Parliament granted it confidence, printed on the legislative portal; we link the decision, with the number, day and Official Gazette read from its page, and do not copy the text. 23 decisions, 1992 to 2026: for 20 the portal holds the programme's text, for three (Năstase 2000, Tăriceanu 2004, Cîțu December 2020) it lists the annex without text, and the page says so. Without a section are the interim governments, the reshuffles that brought no new programme (Tăriceanu II in 2007, Ponta III and IV in 2014) and the governments before 1992, whose decisions we did not find on the portal; a missing section does not mean the government had no programme.
• Parliament on the day a government took office: the seat map on each government's page shows, for each chamber, the members who held a mandate on the day the government took office, from the mandates and group memberships we hold for every legislature since 1990.A seat's colour is where its group stood in relation to the government, from our hand-curated record of the parties in the government, those supporting it and those in opposition; the ring and the arc around are the group's own colour.A group we cannot tie to a party (many groups of the older legislatures) is marked "no record", not "outside the government", and the map is left out when more than half the seats are in such groups and for governments with no parties on record (the interim ones).It shows who sat where that day, not how anyone voted: the investiture vote is a secret ballot and has no list.Where the parties announced before the vote what they would do (for, against, or not voting for), the card on a seat shows the party's announcement, with the sources under the map, not the member's vote, and a party that said nothing clear shows "no clear announcement".
• Elections: the votes of each list from the AEP's open data (parliamentary 2012, 2016, 2020, 2024; presidential 2009, 2014, 2024, 2025): the sum of the polling stations and the votes by mail.The 2024 mandates are not in the AEP's files: they are counted from the lists of those elected in the Central Electoral Bureau's minutes and agree, in every circumscription, with the mandates of the members in our database.The 2019 presidential elections: the national totals are from the Constitutional Court's decisions; the first round by commune comes from the Central Electoral Bureau's polling-station file (the country's 18,748 stations, downloaded by a person from prezenta.bec.ro; its totals equal the national minutes, no station stays off the map, and abroad appears as a single line, the difference up to the national total), and the second round by commune comes from Rezultate Vot, with the localities added up under the commune of the SIRUTA register; in the second round each candidate's votes added up over the communes equal the Court's, and about 0.3% of the votes (localities that the name does not tie to a single commune) stay off the map.The election map shows today's territory, by county and commune: the SIRUTA code in the minutes (2016, 2020, 2024, 2025, the older presidential ones); in 2012 the file names the locality and the commune is found by its name among those of the later elections, never guessing between two communes of one name. A list is linked to a party only when its name is exactly the party's.The referendums (2009, 2012, 2018 and 2019, with its two questions) are read as a ballot with two options, YES and NO, over the same communes; the 2009 one is the question on cutting Parliament to 300 members (the AEP's file for the question on a one-chamber parliament repeats its figures, so we do not show it).The European elections of 2009, 2014 and 2019 are read by county, commune and country.For the local elections of 2012, 2016 and 2020 we hold the mayors, the local councils, the county councils and their presidents, by commune: where the file marks who was elected (2012, 2016) we show "elected", and where it gives only the votes (2020) we show the candidate with the most votes and say so; the councils' seats are shown where the file gives them.For all of them the totals read are compared with those the AEP published before the import, and a difference shows in the import's report, which is read before anything is saved.
• Party financing: from the AEP's control reports published in the Official Gazette (the legislative portal), not from the AEP's financing sites, which ask for a browser check. The annual reports give a party's income (dues, donations, the state subsidy, loans) and expenses per year; the campaign reports give each party's contributions and spending in an election, the reimbursement it asked for and the sum invalidated. We take only the figures a report states: a party that sent no documents or declared nothing has the report's note, not a zero; a breakdown appears only where it adds up to the total; a report of another form stays unread. The reports on independent candidates are not read and no donor is named.
• The state budget: from the Ministry of Finance's open files on data.gov.ro (one dataset a year, 2014–2025, and the workbook "Buget 2013.xls" in the 2014 dataset): the budget by principal credit authorizer (ministries, the chambers of Parliament, the courts, the services, the agencies and the councils) and annex 2 with the budget's total.We take the year's budget credits (the money that can be paid out in the year, from every source: the state budget proper, external loans, non-reimbursable external funds and own revenue), in thousands of lei, as Parliament voted them; the estimate years in the same files are not read, and the commitment credits (from 2018) are shown apart and are not in the percentages.In every year the authorizers add up to the total in annex 2 (for 2015 the annex is not published, so the total is the sum of the lines), and an authorizer's sources, types of expenditure and fields each add up to its total; a year that fails these checks is not saved."Of the budget" is a ministry's amount divided by the year's total; "of GDP" is the same amount divided by the year's gross domestic product (millions of lei, from Eurostat's excessive-deficit-procedure notification, the same one the deficit and the debt are made with: at import we check, for every year since 1995, that the deficit over this GDP gives the percentage Eurostat publishes).The budget voted before the year is compared with the GDP that was realised, and the latest years are estimates that get revised. The amounts are not adjusted for inflation and not divided per inhabitant.The year 2013 comes from that workbook (an old Excel file, one sheet for each authorizer, plus a "sinteza" sheet) and holds the state budget source only (chapter 5001): the external credits and non-reimbursable external funds that the total from 2014 on adds are not in it. So the year carries a label, is not compared with 2014 at the total, and does not enter a ministry's list; in the chart, "State budget only" counts source 5001 in every year. The authorizers add up to the "sinteza" sheet's total.The authorizer codes are reused for other institutions in some years, so only the 17 codes that are the same ministry in every year are tied to the ministries' pages, and the change since last year appears only for them. The amounts are not budget execution and do not include revisions.
• Public finances and EU money: revenue, expenditure, the balance (the deficit), gross debt and general government's transfers to and from the EU come from Eurostat's national accounts, in millions of lei at current prices (1995–2025); the percentages of GDP are Eurostat's, from the same release as their amounts (we do not recompute them against a GDP from another release, so that no differences appear).At import we check, for every year, that the balance is revenue less expenditure and that the deficit is the same in the two Eurostat datasets; differences are said in the import's report.What the EU budget spent in Romania and what Romania paid come from the European Commission's table, in millions of euro, from 2007, the year of accession (the earlier sheets have no figures for Romania): "received" is the EU budget's spending in the country (the framework's programmes and, from 2021, NextGenerationEU grants), "paid" is the own resources (VAT, gross national income, the plastic levy, the customs duties collected for the EU) plus, from 2021, the balances and adjustments, which were inside the total before.The Commission's table does not add up by itself in a few years (for instance the 2022 expenditure by 1.6%): the import's report says so.The red line in the budget chart is inflation: the annual average rate of change of the harmonised index of consumer prices (Eurostat, from 1996), on its own axis on the right; the amounts are not adjusted by it.Figures are shown in the source's currency, not adjusted for inflation and not converted between lei and euro; the difference "received minus paid" counts customs duties as paid, so it is not the Commission's "operating budgetary balance". The latest years are first estimates and can be revised.

• A vote's result is the one on the official page. When the chamber does not publish it, we calculate it from the official votes and the Constitution's majority rule (art. 76), and the vote page says which rule was used.
• A vote's totals (present, for, against, abstaining, did not vote) are the official ones; we check that the named list adds up to them exactly, and differences are reported, not hidden.
• The absences on a member's page are counted from the named votes; the chamber's own official figures (activity, attendance) are shown beside them with their source, not mixed with ours.
• Attendance: For a member, the number of votes in which they appear on the name list (voted for, against, abstained, or were present without voting), divided by the number of votes with a name list held in their chamber (and in joint sittings) while they held the mandate. A vote with no name list (for example a secret ballot) counts in neither. Not being on the list does not say why: it can be an absence or a gap in the source, so on the vote map we call these seats "No vote recorded" (in the Senate this includes senators listed with no vote ticked, whom the source does not count as present), and the members list counts them as "absences at votes", with the explanation shown and members who held a government post marked.
• Voting with the group: The number of votes in which the member voted as the majority of the other members of their group did, divided by the number of votes in which they took a side (for, against or abstention) and the rest of the group (at least four people) had a clear majority, with no tie. Each figure describes one person; we do not rank anyone and do not call anyone "rebel" or "loyal".
• A bill's fate is only what the official page says: "promulgated" only when the page has the law's number; "rejected" only when the deciding chamber rejects; otherwise "in progress", with the stage as the source wrote it. The chamber of origin and the deciding chamber are the ones the pages give; when two pages contradict each other we do not choose and leave the earlier value.
• An initiator is linked to a member only through the exact link on the Chamber's page or a name that matches exactly one person sitting that day; otherwise it stays as the source wrote it, unlinked.

• Votes of legislatures before 2020 are incomplete (Partial); a full import back to 1990 is planned separately. Of the 2020 to 2024 legislature three votes of the joint sittings of 5 December 2022 are missing: the Chamber's page counts one "for" fewer than the day's official list and we do not choose between them. In the Senate, two votes of one day with the same title (for example two "vacancy of a senator's mandate") each have their own row.
• The bills of the 2020 to 2024 legislature have their file read (against the official lists a few dozen are missing, mostly files the source gives under two numbers that we merged); those from before 2020 appear only when a vote or a newer bill refers to them. The Official Gazette number is still missing for a few dozen promulgated laws.
• We do not have plenary debates, article-level amendments or committee documents, only each bill's steps and main documents.
• Of party financing we do not have the donors, the subsidy by quarter, the AEP's detailed reports from 2025 on, and a small number of annual reports of another form; finantarepartide.ro and roaep.ro ask any program for a browser check and are not read, and the gap is not filled from other sources. Of the elections we do not have the European elections of 2007 and 2024, the local elections of 2008 and 2024, the 2009 question on a one-chamber parliament, or anything before 2009 (the open-data portal does not hold them), and the first round of 2019 has abroad as a single line, not by country.
• Of the budget we do not have the execution (what was actually spent), the revisions made during the year, the separate budgets of pensions, health and unemployment, the local budgets and the budgets before 2014 (the series on the portal starts then); at the Ministry of Finance, "General actions" is a separate line, not part of the ministry proper.
• Of the public finances we do not have the monthly cash budget execution (the figure the Ministry of Finance publishes during the year, which differs from Eurostat's), the deficit of the year in progress, or the EU's payments to beneficiaries (projects, firms, farmers) by locality or programme; and for EU money we do not have the years before 2007.
• Senators' questions and interpellations, sanctions on parliamentarians, the text of CVs, and laws returned to Parliament or referred to the Constitutional Court (they are not decrees): not read yet.
• Updating is not in real time: the last check is written above; what the Chambers publish after it appears at the next one.

The data will be offered through a free API, with a key obtained by signing in with GitHub, under terms of use: credit the source, request limits, and no re-publishing of the whole database as a mirror without agreement. There are no downloads until then. The facts themselves are official public records; the work of collecting, checking and linking them is this project's.

The project is free and has no ads. If it helped you, you can support the work with a coffee: a voluntary donation that buys no access and does not influence what we publish.

Found a mistake? Tell us what differs from the official source; the page address is attached for you.